By
vegetarian, I mean someone who does not eat the flesh of animals. This includes fish and chicken. By
vegan, I mean someone who does not eat any animal produce, including
milk or
eggs.
Dr. Michael Greger M.D. ("The Vegan M.D.") has a very informative and witty lecture
Optimum Vegetarian Nutrition: Surprising New Research on Omega 3's and B12.In a nutshell,
vegetarians & vegans don't live any longer than omnivores – as shown in a study of 28,000 subjects. Vegetarians & vegans have the
same rates of
coronary heart disease as omnivores, but
double the rates of
degenerative brain diseases like
Alzheimer's Disease. WHY? There are two reasons.
1) Vegetarians and vegans don't eat
oily fish and most don't eat cracked or ground-up
flaxseed/linseed either. This means a deficiency in
omega-3 fats. This increases the risk of
diabetes, certain
cancers and coronary heart disease.
Men are much poorer converters of
alpha-linolenic acid (the omega-3 fatty acid in flaxseeds) into
DHA than women.
See
Eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids are the principal products of α-linolenic acid metabolism in young men,
Conversion of α-linolenic acid to eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in young women and
Extremely Limited Synthesis of Long Chain Polyunsaturates in Adults: Implications for Their Dietary Essentiality and Use as Supplements.
2)
Only animal produce naturally contains Vitamin B12. Lack of B12 in the diet raises the level of homocysteine in the blood, which damages artery walls. This raises the risk of coronary heart disease & doubles the risk of degenerative brain diseases like Alzheimer's Disease.
What to do?
1) Men should eat ~50g/day of ground flaxseeds and women should eat ~25g/day. The amount of flaxseed oil for men is ~20g/day and the amount for women is ~10g/day.
Vegan men should also supplement with ~1000mg/day vegan DHA. 2)
Eat foods fortified with vegan B12 or supplement with vegan B12.'Nuff said?
See also
Linseeds/Flaxseeds & Flaxseed oil and
How I Un-Ruined My Teeth.